How to Stay Connected in Countries with Internet Restrictions

Peter Schneider

January 14, 2026

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China blocks Google, WhatsApp, and Instagram. Russia restricts major social platforms. Iran filters most Western services. The UAE blocks VoIP calls. For digital nomads, working from these countries requires preparation that goes far beyond downloading a VPN app.

This guide covers practical approaches to maintaining connectivity in countries with significant internet restrictions—what works, what doesn't, and how to prepare before you arrive.

This article is part of our complete digital nomad connectivity guide, covering everything you need for reliable connectivity anywhere.

Understanding Internet Restrictions

Types of Restrictions

Countries implement internet restrictions in different ways:

Website blocking - Specific sites and services are inaccessible. This is the most common restriction.

VPN blocking - VPN protocols are detected and blocked, making circumvention harder.

Bandwidth throttling - Certain services work but are slowed to unusable speeds.

Deep packet inspection - Traffic is analyzed and filtered based on content, not just destination.

Complete shutdowns - During political events, entire regions may lose internet access.

Countries with Significant Restrictions

| Country | Severity | What's Blocked | |---------|----------|----------------| | China | High | Google, Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, most Western news | | Iran | High | Social media, Western news, many VPNs blocked | | Russia | Medium-High | Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, some VPNs | | UAE | Medium | VoIP calls on most apps, some content | | Turkey | Medium | Varies - Wikipedia, social media during events | | Vietnam | Low-Medium | Some sites blocked, VPNs generally work | | Egypt | Low-Medium | VoIP sometimes blocked, some news sites |

The VPN Reality

Not All VPNs Work Everywhere

The biggest misconception: "I'll just use my VPN." In heavily restricted countries, many VPNs simply don't function. China, for example, actively blocks most VPN protocols.

VPNs that consistently work in restricted countries:

ExpressVPN - Strong track record in China, frequent server updates
NordVPN - Obfuscated servers designed for restricted regions
Astrill - Popular among China-based expats, stealth mode
Surfshark - Camouflage mode for restricted regions

For general VPN selection and security guidance, see our public WiFi security guide.

VPNs that often struggle:

Free VPNs - Almost never work in heavily restricted countries
Smaller providers - Lack resources to maintain working connections
Standard protocols - OpenVPN without obfuscation is often blocked

Obfuscation Matters

Standard VPN protocols have recognizable signatures that restrictive firewalls can detect. Obfuscated or "stealth" protocols disguise VPN traffic as regular HTTPS traffic.

Look for these features:

Obfuscated servers (NordVPN)
Stealth mode (Astrill)
Lightway protocol (ExpressVPN)
Camouflage mode (Surfshark)

Configure Before You Arrive

Critical: Set up your VPN before entering the restricted country. In China especially, you often cannot download VPN apps or access provider websites once inside.

Pre-arrival checklist:

Subscribe to a VPN known to work in your destination
Download the app on all devices
Enable obfuscation/stealth features
Download manual configuration files as backup
Test the connection works with obfuscation enabled

China-Specific Guidance

China represents the most sophisticated internet restriction system. If you can navigate China's "Great Firewall," you can handle any other country.

What's Blocked

Completely blocked:

Google services - Search, Gmail, Drive, Maps, YouTube
Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp
Twitter/X
Most Western news sites
Dropbox
Many messaging apps

What works:

WeChat - Required for most daily activities
Alipay - Payment systems
Local alternatives - Baidu, Amap, local services
Most business websites
Email on non-Google providers

Practical Approach for China

1. Working VPN - Essential

Select a VPN known to work in China. ExpressVPN and Astrill have the strongest track records. Configure completely before arrival.

2. Alternative Services

Prepare to use Chinese alternatives for some functions:

Maps: Download offline maps before arrival, or use Amap
Search: Bing works intermittently
Messaging: WeChat for local communication

3. Offline Preparation

Download everything you might need:

Offline maps with routing
Translation apps with offline packs
Essential documents and files
Entertainment content

4. Physical SIM vs eSIM

eSIM options for China are limited and expensive. Most travelers find physical SIMs upon arrival more practical. Airport kiosks sell tourist SIMs with ID registration.

For general eSIM guidance, see our best eSIMs for Asia guide. For a broader comparison of connectivity options, see eSIM vs pocket WiFi vs local SIM.

Travel Router with VPN

A travel router pre-configured with VPN provides significant advantages in China:

All devices connect through VPN automatically
No need to configure VPN on each device
More reliable than phone VPN apps
Works even if VPN app is blocked on phone

The GL.iNet Beryl AX supports VPN client configuration and works well for this purpose. Configure it before leaving for China.

Russia and Former Soviet States

Russia's restrictions have increased significantly since 2022.

Current State

Blocked: Facebook, Instagram, Twitter/X, BBC, some VPNs

Generally works: WhatsApp, Telegram, LinkedIn, most email

VPN situation: Many VPNs work, but some protocols are blocked. Obfuscated servers recommended.

Practical Approach

Russia's restrictions are less sophisticated than China's. A quality VPN with obfuscation typically works. Telegram functions well and is widely used locally.

Recommendations:

Use VPN with obfuscation enabled
Download Telegram for local communication
Keep multiple VPN options installed as backup
Banking apps from home country usually work

Middle East Considerations

UAE - Dubai and Abu Dhabi

The UAE blocks VoIP calls through most apps to protect telecom revenue.

Blocked: Voice and video calls on WhatsApp, Skype, FaceTime, etc.

Works: WhatsApp messaging, most websites, VPNs for other content

Practical approach: Use VPN for calls if needed. Many businesses and hotels provide ways to make calls. Local SIMs with calling packages offer alternatives.

Saudi Arabia

Similar to UAE for VoIP blocking, with some additional content restrictions.

Recommendations:

VPN works for most needs
Download content before arrival
Respect local laws regarding content

Iran

Iran has extensive restrictions that vary in enforcement.

Heavily restricted: Most social media, Western news, many VPNs

Sometimes works: VPNs with strong obfuscation, messaging apps

Practical approach: Prepare multiple VPN options. Expect inconsistent access. Download critical materials before arrival.

Technical Preparations

VPN Backup Options

Never rely on a single VPN in restricted countries:

Primary VPN - Your main subscription with obfuscation
Backup VPN - Different provider, different protocol
Manual configuration - Downloaded config files for manual setup
Shadowsocks or V2Ray - Technical option if VPNs fail completely

Travel Router Configuration

A travel router with VPN provides the most reliable solution:

Advantages:

Router-level VPN protects all devices
Works even when phone VPN apps are blocked
More stable than per-device VPN
One configuration covers everything

Setup:

Purchase a VPN-compatible travel router
Configure VPN client before traveling
Test that connection works
Bring the router and connect to local WiFi
All devices connect through router's VPN

See our travel router guide for hardware recommendations.

Offline Preparations

Assume you may have periods without functioning VPN:

Download before arrival:

Offline maps with navigation
Translation app offline packs
Essential documents and files
Reference materials for work
Entertainment content

Cache important emails:

Important messages with attachments
Travel confirmation emails
Work documents

Legal Considerations

VPN Legality

VPN legality varies by country:

Illegal or restricted: China, Iran, Russia, UAE, others—but enforcement typically targets providers and businesses, not tourists

Practically speaking: Millions of foreigners use VPNs in restricted countries for legitimate business purposes. Personal, non-commercial use rarely attracts attention.

Use good judgment:

Don't discuss VPN use publicly
Use VPN for legitimate work purposes
Avoid obviously illegal activities
Respect local laws and customs

Content Awareness

Some content is illegal in specific countries regardless of how you access it:

Certain political content
Content violating local religious or cultural standards
Gambling in some jurisdictions
VoIP in countries where it's specifically prohibited

Understand local laws before traveling.

Country-by-Country Quick Reference

| Country | VPN Works | Prepare Before | Key Notes | |---------|-----------|----------------|-----------| | China | With obfuscation | Essential | Configure VPN completely before arrival | | Iran | Sometimes | Essential | Multiple VPN backups needed | | Russia | Usually | Recommended | Obfuscation helps | | UAE | Yes | Helpful | Need for VoIP calls | | Turkey | Usually | Helpful | Restrictions vary | | Vietnam | Yes | Optional | Light restrictions | | Egypt | Yes | Optional | VoIP sometimes blocked |

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I use my regular VPN in China?

Most regular VPNs don't work in China. You need a provider known to work there—ExpressVPN, Astrill, or NordVPN with obfuscated servers. Configure before arrival.

Is it illegal to use VPN in China?

VPNs exist in a gray area. Personal use by foreigners is generally tolerated. Selling VPN services or using them for illegal activities is prosecuted. Millions of foreign workers and tourists use VPNs daily.

What if my VPN stops working?

Have backup options ready. Try different servers, different protocols, or your backup VPN provider. A travel router with VPN can be more stable. Worst case, you may need to wait—restrictions sometimes ease.

How do I prepare for a short business trip?

Minimum preparation: Download a quality VPN known to work in your destination, configure with obfuscation, test before departure. Download offline maps and essential documents. Keep realistic expectations about internet access.

Should I get a local SIM or use eSIM?

For China specifically, local SIM is usually more practical. For other restricted countries, eSIM often works fine but verify provider coverage. Local SIM gives access to local apps and services.